Mayo Clinic Talks

Valvular Heart Disease: The Mitral Valve

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Rekha Mankad, M.D.

Mitral valve disorders are extremely common, one of the most common is mitral valve prolapse. The majority of these patients live their life without symptoms, but some go on to develop significant mitral regurgitation or less likely, mitral stenosis. How can we recognize mitral valve disease and what’s recommended to confirm a diagnosis? How should these patients be followed? Do they need a lifetime of cardiac imaging? When is a cardiologist needed to help manage these patients? In this podcast, we’ll discuss these questions and more with cardiologist Rekha Mankad, M.D., a cardiologist from the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Valvular Heart Disease: The Aortic Valve

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Rekha Mankad, M.D.

It’s estimated that between 2% and 3% of the population has some form of valvular heart disease and this increases with age. Most of these patients are initially cared for by primary care providers. Most valvular disease deaths are due to disease of the aortic valve and it’s important to recognize these patients early in order to assess for progression and the need for surgical intervention. What are the presenting symptoms of aortic valve disease? What’s the best way to manage and follow these patients and when should a cardiologist and cardiac surgeon become involved in the care of the patient? In this podcast, we’ll discuss these questions and more with cardiologist Rekha Mankad, M.D., from the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at

https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Thyroid Hormone & Brain Development in Children

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Siobhan Pittock, M.B., B. Ch

Thyroid hormone plays an important role in metabolism of adults. It plays an even more important role in children. Undiagnosed hypothyroidism in children not only impairs metabolism but can result in stunted physical growth and impaired cognitive development. Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. This may present as poor performance or behavior problems in school. It can also be associated with hearing and language development. The topic for this podcast is “Thyroid Hormone and Brain Development in Children” and my guest is Siobhan Pittock, M.B., B. Ch, a pediatric endocrinologist from the Mayo Clinic. We’ll discuss how thyroid hormone affects brain development, the causes of hypothyroidism in a fetus or newborn and whether brain damage from hypothyroidism in childhood is reversible.

https://www.usdairy.com/about-us/national-dairy-council

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Tired Teens: Chronic Fatigue in Adolescents

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Philip R. Fischer, M.D.

Among adolescents, complaints regarding fatigue are relatively common and it’s been assumed to be associated with the hormonal changes of puberty, the various social conflicts common in adolescence and a variety of educational expectations. At times, fatigue becomes chronic and may be accompanied by other physical symptoms including mood disorders, headaches, musculoskeletal pains, and various GI symptoms. When chronic fatigue in adolescence has been investigated, no single causal factor has been found and its likely to be multi-factorial. The topic for this podcast is “Chronic Fatigue in Adolescents” and we’ll discuss this with our guest Philip R. Fischer, M.D., a pediatrician from the Department of Pediatrics at the Mayo Clinic.

https://mcpress.mayoclinic.org/product/tired-teens/

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

”The Heat is On” Heat-Related Conditions

Host: Sanj Kakar, M.D. @sanjkakar 

Guest: Neha P. Raukar, M.D., M.S

We’ve all been experiencing the intense heat and humidity, and did you know that this past July was one of the hottest months on record. Exposure to heat poses a major threat to high-risk populations by substantially contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Our podcast today is tackling the most common heat-related conditions with Neha P. Raukar, M.D., M.S., Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

What’s New with C. Difficile?

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Sahil Khanna, M.B.B.S., M.S.

It’s estimated that C. difficile causes about a half million infections each year in the U.S. and 1 in 6 of those will have a recurrence within a couple months. Although C. difficile typically occurs following the use of antibiotics, it can also be spread from one individual to another, especially in hospitals and skilled nursing facilities. What are the common symptoms of an infection with C. difficile? How do we test for it? How should an infection be treated and what do we do with patients who have one or more recurrences. In this podcast, we’ll be discussing “What’s New with C. Difficile?” and these are some of the questions I’ll be asking our guest, Sahil Khanna, M.B.B.S., M.S., a gastroenterologist from the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

The Role of Nutrition in Lowering the Risk of Chronic Disease

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Katherine A. Zeratsky, R.D.N., L.D.

Chronic disease is creating a tremendous financial impact on our healthcare system. Cardiovascular disease alone accounts for approximately 18 million deaths globally, annually. Most often, we think of pharmacologic therapy in managing chronic disease, yet there’s good evidence that shows adults who eat a healthy diet have a lower risk of suffering from a variety of chronic diseases. Diet can play an extremely important role in preventing and managing such conditions as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, and malignancy. Today’s podcast will review the role of nutrition in lowering the risk of chronic disease and our guest is registered dietician and nutritionist, Katherine A. Zeratsky, R.D.N., L.D., from the Division of Endocrinology at the Mayo Clinic.

https://www.usdairy.com/about-us/national-dairy-council

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Diagnostic Uncertainty & Undiagnosed Illness

Host: Darryl S. Chutka M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Liz A. Gilman, M.D.

Guest: Chris R. Stephenson, M.D., M.H.P.E.

As clinicians, we’re used to obtaining health information from our patients through a medical history, performing a physical exam and ordering a variety of lab tests or imaging studies. We then formulate a differential diagnosis and eventually a diagnosis to explain the patient’s health problem. But what happens when a diagnosis isn’t obvious or we’re uncertain what may be causing the patient’s problems. What if a patient asks us a question and we don’t know the answer? How do we express our uncertainty to our patients and how do our patients react to our uncertainty? In this podcast, we’ll discuss diagnostic uncertainty and how to approach our patients when we can’t find a specific diagnosis to explain their symptoms. Our guests include Liz A. Gilman, M.D., and Chris R. Stephenson, M.D., M.H.P.E., both from the Division of General Internal Medicine at the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Psychiatric Issues Stemming From COVID-19

Host: Darryl S. Chutka M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Teresa A. Rummans, M.D.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused innumerable health complications. One complication which hasn’t received a lot of attention has been the effect seen on mental health. Since the pandemic, the incidence of mental illness has increased dramatically, both in patients who have been infected as well as those suffering the social consequences of the pandemic. This has led to mental health disorders representing a major cause of disability. What can we learn from a historical perspective as a result of previous pandemics? How does the COVID-19 virus produce the variety of neuropsychiatric disorders commonly seen? And most importantly, how can we help our patients with their mental health disorders associated with the pandemic? This podcast will review “Psychiatric Issues Stemming From COVID-19” with our guest, Teresa A. Rummans, M.D., a psychiatrist from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology at the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

“Lettuce Eat” Plant-Based Diets: Healthy & Non-Healthy

Host: Darryl S. Chutka M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Lisa Lammert, R.D.N., L.D.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death to individuals in the U.S. Many feel that our typical American diet with its high saturated fat content is a major contributor to this. There’s good evidence that shows plant-based diets are cost-effective in lowering the risk factors for cardiovascular disease including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. They may also lower the number of medications an individual needs to take to manage their chronic diseases. So, are there any disadvantages to a plant-based diet? Are all plant-based diets healthy and what are the nutritional challenges for a patient on a plant-based diet? We’ll discuss these questions in this podcast on “Plant-Based Diets”. Our guest is Lisa Lammert, a registered dietician and nutritionist at the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Post Bariatric Patient: Common Issues & Weight Regain

Host: Ishna A. Sharma, M.D. (@IshnaSharmaMD)

Guest: Julia A. Jurgensen, APRN, C.N.P., D.N.P.

The issue of obesity has become a significant public health concern not only in the United States but across the globe. Bariatric surgery was performed on almost 200,000 patients in the U.S. alone in 2020. Despite the recommendation for regular follow-up visits with bariatric providers, studies indicate a high rate of loss to follow-up among these patients. Consequently, they may seek assistance from a primary care physician years later, presenting concerns such as malnutrition or weight gain. Today, we are fortunate to have Julia A. Jurgensen, APRN, C.N.P., D.N.P. , a Mayo Clinic nurse practitioner who specializes in obesity and has vast experience managing patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.

Link to weight loss blog referenced in the episode:

https://connect.mayoclinic.org/blog/weight-management-1/tab/newsfeed/#ch-tab-navigation

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Alopecia: Handling Our Patients with Hair Loss

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Jason C. Sluzevich, M.D.

Hair loss is quite common and although it occurs more commonly in men, it can also occur in women. It’s estimated that up to 80% of men and nearly 50% of women experience hair loss. While it’s not a life-or-death health issue, it can have a negative effect on confidence and self-esteem and a significant amount of money is spent on hair regrowth products and restoration procedures. Did you know that about 95% of our total skin area is covered in hair and you can lose up to 50% of your hair before it’s noticeable to others? How does hair loss differ in males and females? Why do some men go bald? And how effective is the pharmacologic treatment that’s available in producing hair regrowth? We’ll discuss these questions and more with our guest, Jason C. Sluzevich, M.D., a dermatologist at the Mayo Clinic. The topic for this podcast is “Handling Our Patients with Hair Loss”.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Pediatric Obesity

Host: Ishna A. Sharma, M.D. (@IshnaSharmaMD)

Guest: Seema Kumar, M.D.

Guest: Todd A. Kellogg M.D.

The topic of concern that is currently growing in both the United States and around the world is the issue of childhood obesity. According to the CDC growth charts, the number of children and adolescents affected in the US is about 15 million, with the prevalence reaching nearly 20% between the years 2017 and 2020. This is characterized by having a BMI that is at or above the 95th percentile. In order to delve deeper into this issue, we are pleased to have Seema Kumar, M.D., a pediatric endocrinologist at Mayo Clinic, and Todd A. Kellogg, M.D., a metabolic and bariatric surgeon, joining us today.

Resources mentioned in the episode: American Academy of Pediatrics community resources

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Vestibular Schwannomas (aka Acoustic Neuromas)

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Michael J. Link, M.D.

Guest: Matthew L. Carlson, M.D.

Hearing loss is a commonly seen symptom in a primary care office practice, as is tinnitus and vertigo. Fortunately, they’re almost always due to a benign cause. However, these symptoms may represent something more ominous, an acoustic neuroma, also known as a vestibular schwannoma. It’s important to consider this diagnosis when we see them in our patients, as there is the potential for serious consequences to develop if this remains untreated. What type of hearing loss is associated with a vestibular schwannoma? What are the other associated symptoms? How do we go about evaluating these patients and how are they best treated? I’ll be asking these questions of our guests Michael J. Link, M.D., a neurosurgeon from the Department of Neurologic Surgery and Mathew L. Carlson, M.D., a head and neck surgeon from the Department of Otolaryngology, both at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Our topic for this podcast is vestibular schwannomas.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Surgical Weight Loss

Host: Ishna Sharma, MD (@IshnaSharmaMD)

Guest: Omar M. Ghanem, M.D.

Obesity has become a significant public health crisis worldwide, with the United States being no exception. A range of treatments is available, but metabolic and bariatric surgery is widely regarded as the most effective and sustainable option for managing obesity. In fact, this type of surgery can reduce the risk of premature death by 30% to 50%. Today's guest is Omar M. Ghanem, M.D., a prominent metabolic bariatric and foregut surgeon at Mayo Clinic. Dr. Ghanem is renowned for his extensive research work, which has resulted in over 75 peer-reviewed publications.

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Food Intolerance: When “Food Allergies” Aren’t Allergies

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Imad Absah, M.D.

Food intolerance is relatively common. It represents a gut sensitivity to one or more foods, usually resulting in various GI symptoms. A food intolerance is not the same as a food allergy, although our patients often consider their symptoms an allergy to a specific food. Food intolerance doesn’t result in any significant health disorder or serious complications and is usually more of a nuisance to the patient. The treatment varies depending on the food involved. The topic for this podcast is food intolerance and our guest is Imad Absah, M.D., a pediatric gastroenterologist from the Mayo Clinic. We’ll discuss how we determine if a patient is experiencing a food intolerance or a food allergy, the most common offending foods, the mechanisms for food intolerance and how we manage the condition.

https://www.usdairy.com/about-us/national-dairy-council

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Endoscopic Weight Loss

Host: Dr. Ishna Sharma, MD (@IshnaSharmaMD)

Guest: Barham K. Abu Dayyeh, M.D., M.P.H.

The problem of obesity is a major public health concern both in the U.S. and globally. Despite the roughly 250,000 bariatric procedures performed in the U.S. annually, only 4% of them are endoscopic procedures. It's noteworthy that the use of endoscopy for managing obesity is still in its developmental stage. Today, we are privileged to have Barham K. Abu Dayyeh, M.D., M.P.H., a bariatric endoscopy specialist and gastroenterologist at Mayo Clinic, to share his valuable insights.

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Functional Dyspepsia: BOOM! BANG! Burning & Pain!

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: David J. Cangemi, M.D.

Functional dyspepsia, also known as non-ulcer dyspepsia, represents chronic upper GI symptoms of indigestion and not infrequently abdominal discomfort. Diagnosing functional dyspepsia can be challenging since there are no definitive diagnostic tests. This often results in patients seeking multiple medical opinions searching for a specific cause and treatment for their symptoms. What are the common presenting symptoms of functional dyspepsia? What’s an appropriate evaluation and how do we treat our patients who have it? In this podcast, we’ll discuss these questions and more with David J. Cangemi, M.D., a gastroenterologist from the Mayo Clinic.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Medical Weight Loss

Host: Ishna Sharma, M.D. https://twitter.com/IshnaSharmaMD

Guest: Maria Collazo-Clavell, M.D.

An escalating public health concern on a global scale is the growing prevalence of obesity, which is also a cause for concern within the United States. Statistical data reveals that approximately 15% of American adults make an attempt to shed off excess weight at some stage in their lives using supplements. Currently, there are a range of supplements and pharmaceuticals that have received approval from the FDA for weight loss purposes. Our esteemed guest today is Maria L. Collazo-Clavell, M.D., an authority in the fields of obesity and endocrinology, who is affiliated with the Mayo Clinic.

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

HIV & Attitudes Towards PrEP

Host: Joshua D. Luciew, MPAS, PA-C

Guest: Maryam Mahmood, M.B., Ch.B.

Guest: Cesar A. Gonzalez, Ph.D., L.P.

As primary care providers, evaluating patients with a virus is a common part of our practice. This ranges from colds, a painful shingles outbreak, COVID-19, RSV bronchiolitis, influenza, and many more.

Oftentimes, after a detailed physical exam, we tell our patients the cause of their symptoms are due to a virus and that their symptoms should improve in a couple days to weeks. However, we know that sometimes the symptoms of a viral infection can be a harbinger of more severe disease.

In today’s talk, we will be discussing a virus. Acute infection with this virus can present with fever, fatigue, myalgias, arthralgias, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, headache, diarrhea, weight loss, and rash.

This constellation of symptoms, especially when they persist for a prolonged duration of time can be representative of an acute HIV infection.

Tune in to this episode to learn more about the pathophysiology of HIV, how a patient can contract HIV, the tests to perform when an acute HIV infection is suspected, how to prevent an HIV infection, and to learn a bit more about anal Pap smears.

 Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Obesity Edition | Obese Adult Patient Presents to Primary Care Provider

Host: Ishna A. Sharma, M.D. https://twitter.com/IshnaSharmaMD

Guest: Meera Shah, M.B., Ch.B.

Obesity has become a significant public health crisis in both the U.S. and around the world. Globally, over 1.9 million people are overweight, and 650 million people are obese. In the U.S., 39.8% of the adult population is obese. Obesity leads to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, diabetes, sleep apnea and even certain cancers. Outside of the morbidity and mortality associated with this, obesity also leads to almost $200 billion annually in healthcare costs. Obesity is a complex medical issue, and one of the first settings a patient may receive care for this is at the PCP office.

This episode is the first episode in our Obesity Edition focused on how a primary care physician can help an obese adult patient who visits them in clinic. This episode will concentrate on the basics: How to approach the conversation with a patient; How to guide their next steps; How to continue caring for an obese patient once they are underway in their management. Today, we’re joined by Meera Shah, M.B., Ch.B., a Mayo Clinic endocrinologist specializing in obesity, who will help guide us in answering these questions and more. 

Mayo Clinic Talks Obesity Edition Online CME Course

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Healthy Start: Nutrition in Early Childhood

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Angela C. Mattke, M.D.

The early years of a child are extremely important for establishing growth, maturation, and development. Good nutrition is felt to be an important component for these benefits to take place.  Yet, there’s evidence that a substantial proportion of our children are not receiving the nutrition they should. Inadequate nutrition can lead to issues not only in later childhood but chronic health problems in adulthood as well. The topic for this podcast is “Nutrition in Early Childhood”. We’ll be discussing such issues as: What are the most common nutritional deficiencies our young children face? What are the potential long-term complications of inadequate nutrition in early childhood and what’s the solution to improving nutrition? My guest is Angela C. Mattke, M.D., a pediatrician from the Division of Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine at the Mayo Clinic. 

https://www.usdairy.com/about-us/national-dairy-council

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

LGBTQIA+ Health for Primary Care

Host: Joshua D. Luciew, MPAS, P.A.-C.

 

Guest: Juliana (Jewel) M. Kling, M.D., M.P.H.

 

Individuals who belong to the LGBTQIA+ population are a part of the communities we provide care. Every member of this group is unique, and recognizing how sexual orientation and gender identity influences each person, including how these concepts may evolve and change over a life span, can help us provide more inclusive and whole person care. Many members of the LGBTQIA+ population either do not have access to, or do not seek quality medical care due to stigma and discrimination, which then leads to many disparities. By learning how to provide culturally sensitive care, we can help reduce healthcare disparities for LGBTQIA+ folks. Tune in to this episode to learn more about the LGBTQIA+ community, some of the disparities the community faces, and learn about some special considerations that may arise in your care of the LGBTQIA+ patient.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Testosterone Supplementation in Men: Risks, Benefits & Best Practices

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Nahid Punjani, M.D., M.P.H

Testosterone has a variety of health benefits. It helps maintain bone density, muscle mass, red blood cell production and sexual function. Testosterone levels in men tend to peak between age 30 to 40 then gradually decline and it’s not unusual to find low testosterone levels in men over the age of 50. It’s also known that in men with hypogonadism, testosterone supplementation can improve libido, bone density and muscle mass. Should we be checking testosterone levels in our middle-age male patients? How do we determine who should receive testosterone supplementation and finally what are the risks of supplementation? In this podcast, these are all questions I’ll be asking our guest, Nahid Punjani, M.D., M.P.H, a urologist at the Mayo Clinic as we discuss “Testosterone Supplementation in Men”.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd. 

Celiac Disease & Gluten Sensitivity: “No Loafing Matter”

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D. [@chutkaMD]

Guest: Amy S. Oxentenko, M.D.

It’s estimated that less than 1/3 of individuals with celiac disease have been properly diagnosed. When those with celiac disease ingest gluten, an immune response develops which attacks the small intestine leading to inadequate absorption of nutrients. If left untreated, celiac disease can lead to a variety of nutritional deficiencies as well as other serious consequences. Those with celiac disease are also at increased risk for coronary disease and small bowel cancers. In this podcast we’ll review celiac disease and gluten sensitivity with our guest, Amy S. Oxentenko, M.D., a gastroenterologist at the Mayo Clinic. We’ll discuss the symptoms of celiac disease, how to diagnose the condition and how patients with celiac disease should be managed.

Connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.